User manual APPLE FINAL CUT EXPRESS HD

[. . . ] Final Cut Express HD User Manual K Apple Computer, Inc. © 2006 Apple Computer, Inc. The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. , registered in the U. S. Use of the "keyboard" Apple logo (Option-Shift-K) for commercial purposes without the prior written consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair competition in violation of federal and state laws. Apple, the Apple logo, DVD Studio Pro, Final Cut, Final Cut Pro, FireWire, iDVD, iMovie, Mac, Macintosh, Mac OS, PowerBook, Power Mac, QuickTime, Soundtrack, TrueType, and Xsan are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. , registered in the U. S. [. . . ] Using the menu, you can set a clip's pan all the way to the left, the center, or the right of the stereo output channels. Note: If you use this method to change the pan of a clip that's a stereo pair, the pan setting for both audio channels changes simultaneously. The pan setting is applied to the uppermost channel of the stereo pair, and the lower channel is panned to the opposite side. To change the pan for a clip or clips: 1 In the Timeline, select the clip or clips you want to pan. 2 Choose Modify > Audio, then choose a pan option from the submenu.  Pan Left: Pans audio all the way to the left stereo output (Control-comma).  Pan Center: Centers audio evenly between left and right stereo outputs (Control-period).  Pan Right: Pans audio all the way to the right stereo output (Control-/). Chapter 44 Mixing Audio in the Timeline and Viewer 607 Changing the Pan of Audio in the Viewer To adjust the stereo placement of your sound, you can change the pan of your audio clips. What the control does depends on what kind of audio you've opened in the Viewer:  If the audio clip in the Viewer is a stereo pair, this slider lets you swap the left and right channels. The default setting of ­1 sends the left audio channel of your clip to the left output channel and the right audio channel to the right output channel. A setting of 0 outputs the left and right audio channels equally to both speakers, essentially creating a mono mix. A setting of +1 swaps the channels, outputting the left audio channel to the right speaker and the right audio channel to the left speaker.  If the audio clip in the Viewer is not a stereo pair, this slider lets you pan the audio channel in the currently selected audio tab between the left and right channels. As with the Level slider, if there are no pan keyframes in the current clip, adjusting the Pan slider affects the pan of the entire clip. If there are pan keyframes, using this slider will do one of the following:  Adjust the pan of a keyframe at the current position of the playhead  Add a new keyframe to the pan overlay and adjust it between the left and right output channels Working with keyframes is explained in more detail in "Adjusting Clip Levels and Pan Using Keyframes" on page 610. Changing Pan for an Entire Clip When you edit a new clip into a sequence, the default stereo value depends on what kind of audio clip it is.  If it's a mono clip, its stereo pan is centered with a value of 0 by default.  If it's a stereo pair, the pan value defaults to ­1, putting the left audio track out of the left channel, and the right audio track out of the right channel. Each of these controls is mirrored by the other controls as you make adjustments. If no keyframes are set in the clip in the Viewer, using these controls adjusts the pan of the entire clip. To adjust pan using the slider control: m Drag the Pan slider to the left or right to adjust the stereo placement of your clip.  For a mono item, dragging the Pan slider left moves the audio toward the left stereo output channel; dragging right moves it toward the right stereo output channel.  For a stereo pair, dragging the Pan slider left or right transposes the left and right channels of a stereo pair clip. 608 Part VIII Audio Mixing VIII To adjust pan by entering a numeric value: 1 Enter a new value in the Pan field. [. . . ] See finding items Search option 229 SECAM format 37, 1027, 1097 seek time 154, 157 Select All command 367 Select All Tracks Backward tool 359 Select All Tracks Forward tool 359 Select Auto-balance Color button 845 selecting items all clips in sequence 367 all clips on tracks 364 Auto Select controls 370­372 clips in Timeline 360­362 current selections in Timeline 355­357 deselecting 362 forward or backward in tracks 365 linked items 405 Option key shortcuts 381 for trim edits 480­483 selecting items in Browser 67 Selection tool 75, 358, 708, 1097 selection tools 358, 360, 369, 481 Select Track Backward tool 359, 365 Select Track Forward tool 359, 365, 389 Select Track tool 359, 364, 365 self-contained movies 992­994, 1005 self-powered speakers 570, 576 Sepia filter 679 sequence clips 123, 396, 664 described 265, 914, 1097 duration 396 In and Out points 553 independent clips 554, 556 master clips for 554­556 match frame operations 555, 556 media files for 555 opening 431, 486, 552 sprocket holes 551 switching to Canvas or Timeline 553 in Viewer 551­554 sequence icon 915 sequence markers 563, 993 sequence presets new sequences and 949 prompting for 261, 270 sequences See also sequence clips adding clips to 275, 278­280 adding tracks to 306­307, 326 anamorphic media and 1064­1066 applying filters to clips 664 audio sample rate conversion 205 avoiding nested 547­550 chapter, compression, and scoring markers 242 closing 92, 113, 271 copying 1017 copying between projects 272 copying clips to or from 539, 540­543 creating 67, 270 default number of tracks 270 deleting clips from 385­387 deleting from projects 68 deleting tracks from 308 deleting transitions from 517 described 41, 266, 914, 1097 dragging between projects 273 duplicating 272, 1018 editing clips into 348­349, 547­550 editing keyboard shortcuts 549 exporting 976, 1012­1013 exporting 16:9 rectangular frame size 1067 exporting as QuickTime movies 989, 991­994 exporting audio from 989 exporting for DVDs 971 gaps in 350­351, 387­390 image 997, 1012, 1012­1013 In and Out points 290­299, 330, 348 letterboxing 1067 limitations on 117 locked tracks in 314 looping 969 markers 236, 238, 240, 563 marking controls 93 matching audio for 87, 98 matching video for 87, 98 moving playhead 97 moving transitions in 516 multiple open sequences 540 nested 1091 nested sequences 266, 273, 539, 544­547, 894 numbered images 1012, 1013 number of open sequences 1072 opening 92, 113, 271, 540 opening clips from 486 organizing in projects 44 parent sequences 544 playback options 969 playing 84, 95 prompting for new settings 949 renaming 68 rendering 883­884, 887­888 Index 1141 rendering process and 274, 536­537 rendering transitions in 122, 880 scrolling through 132 scrubbing 127 searching for items in 367­368 selecting all clips in 367 sequence order in Browser 280­282 setting In and Out points for 87, 98 setting keyframes for 87, 98 setting markers for 87, 98 settings 261, 273­274 sorting 227 tabs in Timeline 114 transitions and 507­511, 519, 531­532, 536­537 Sequence Settings window 124­125 serial ATA disks 157, 158 "Servo Can't Lock" message 1073 Set Marker button 177 Set Marker In button 177 Set Marker Out button 177 settings See also preferences; presets; specific settings audio 83 AVI QuickTime files 1008 Batch Capture dialog 190­191 camcorder 963 clip speed 757 described 952 Easy Setups 273 effects 84 external editors 957 filters 84 Filters tab 668­669 generators 84 image sequences 1012­1013 Internet streaming 1004­1005 memory and cache 955­956 motion 84, 690­707, 714­717 paste attributes 675 playback quality 956 QuickTime 999­1005 QuickTime sound 1003­1004 QuickTime video 999­1003 rendering 892­893 scratch disks 953 search paths 953 sequences 261, 273­274 System Settings window 952­958 thumbnail cache 956 Timeline 273­274 Timeline recording 969 transitions 530 Trim Edit window 496­500 video decks 963 video filters 668­669 Settings option 999 setup in post-production process 32 SGI format 199, 987, 1097 Shapes generator 852 Sharpen filter 684 Shift key 362 shooting ratios 44, 154 shortcut buttons 57, 139­142 shortcut menus 1097 using 58 viewing 58 Shot/Take field 184 Shot/Take property 919, 930 shots 1097 Show Audio Waveforms option 125 Show Match Frame button 87, 99 Show Overlays command 286 Show Tooltips option 948 shuffle edits 378­380, 1097 shuttle control 497 in Canvas 93, 98 Capture window 174 described 1098 in Viewer 82, 86 navigating through clips 105­106 shuttling 1098 sibilant sounds 645 signal-to-noise ratio 584, 1098 sine waves 580 Size option 999 Size property 919, 931 slate 1098 slate indicator in logging information 176 slide edits 453­456, 519, 1098 slider controls 670 sliders 1098 Slide tool 359, 455 Slide transition 522 slip edits 1098 clips with transitions 519 performing 457­460 slipping both edit points 302 subframe units 445 Slip into Sync command 406, 408 Slip Item tool 302 Slip Others into Sync command 410 Slip tool 359, 408, 419, 457 slow motion 751 strobe effects 694, 755 slow motion effects 1047, 1049 Slug generator 850, 852, 970 slugs 514, 850, 1098 smoothing keyframes 731, 734 SMPTE (Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers) organization 1098 SMPTE standard timecode 557 1142 Index snapping moving clips with snap points 246 playhead to markers 244 in scrubber bar 96 in Timeline 121, 373­374 trimming and 479 turning on/off 374 in Viewer 85 Snapping button 374, 479, 1098 snapping playheads 1098 Soft Edges filter 664, 683, 825 softening items edges of keyed subjects 815, 819 Softness slider 693 software real-time effects audio mixing and 876 controls 871 display quality 871 playback 866 settings 873­875 still frames 870 superimpositions 870 software updates 26 Solarize filter 685 solo control 120 Solo Item command 804 sorting items bins 227 in Browser 227 clips 227, 281 importance of 901 sequences 227 SOT (Sound On Tape) 1099 sound See audio sound. See audio sound beds 563 sound bytes 1099 sound cues 630 Sound Designer II format 199, 988 sound effects 563, 658, 1016, 1099 sound effects tracks 660 Sound On Tape (SOT) 1099 sound recordists 1099 Sound Settings dialog 1022 soundtracks 1099 sound waves 580 source clips 115, 295 Source control 115 Source controls disconnecting 311­312, 327 resetting 313 in Timeline 309 source media 1099 breaking links to 934­935 capturing 32 reconnecting clips to 935­942 Source Media File command 556 source media files 252, 556 See also media files source monitors 101, 1099 Source property 47, 266, 920, 922, 930 source tapes 1099 described 48 source time 263, 558 Space bar 102 Space bar shortcut 498 space on hard disks 173, 180 spaces in button bars 141 spacing, text 861 speakers 146 amplified speakers 578 configuring 576 external 567, 1071 monitoring audio on 562 number of 565 passive 570 placement 571 problems with 1071, 1074 quality 569 self-powered 570 signal levels 570 television speakers 598 volume settings 578 special characters in filenames 50 special effects 968, 1099 speed, processing rendering and 878 scratch disks and 874 Speed dialog 757 speed indicators 121 speed of clips clip duration and 752 constant speed 755, 757 copying settings 747 fit to fill edits and 753 Frame Blending 755 in motion paths 740 reverse speed 755 settings 751­757 smoothing slow motion with Motion Blur 756 timecode and 557 speed of clips, varying 105 Spill Suppressor - Blue filter 681, 811 Spill Suppressor - Green filter 681, 811 Spin3D transition 520 Spinback3D transition 520 spindle speed 154, 157 Spin Slide transition 523 split edit points 299, 419­420 split edits 1099 asymmetrical edits 468 Index 1143 audio cuts and 449­450 audio editing tips 425 changing simple edits to 418 clearing 420 described 415 examples 421­424 modifying 419­420 performing 421­424 setting up 417­420 split edit points 417­418 in Viewer or Canvas 416 splits 1099 Split Slide transition 523 split stereo files 588 spotlight effects 792 spotting sessions 563 spread, controlling with keyframes 620­621 sprocket holes 80, 551 square pixels 764­766, 1034 Squeeze and Stretch transition 523 Squeeze transition 523 S sounds 645 standard definition video. See SD video standard definition video formats 1027 standing waves 570 Start/End Percentages slider 529 start/stop metadata 257 Star transition 521 startup disks 156 static regions 318­319, 1099 status of voiceover recordings 628 stereo audio 586­588 described 1100 levels 596­597 music 1016 number of output channels 565 overview 600 pan 566 stereo pairs 1100 Stereo output 1003 stereo pairs 121 creating 442­443 described 413 filters and 647 nested sequences 545 pan and 606, 607 panning 429 separating 443 settings 606 waveforms 432 stereo pan 566, 620­621, 1020 stereo systems 162 Still/Freeze Duration field 950 Still Cache 870 still cache settings 955 still frames 870 still image icon 915 still images See also graphics adding camera motion to 770­773 alpha channels 767 bit depth 763 clips 912 color settings 767 duration of 769 exporting 760, 997, 1009­1011 flattening layers 767, 771 freeze frames 760 importing 794­796 overview 759 pixels and 762­766 in QuickTime files 981 real-time playback 870 resolution 762 scaling 763, 768 sequences 1012 as titles 862 STML text 996 Stop button 497 Stop Motion Blur filter 686 stop-motion photography 1050 stopping playback 102 storage disks. See scratch disks storage medium for video formats 1026 storyboard 281­282, 322­323 storyboards 1100 straight alpha channel 797 straight cuts 1100 straight edits 391­393 streaming described 1100 QuickTime files 1004­1006 stretch transitions 523 strobe effects 694, 755 Strobe filter 687 stuttering 1074 stylize filters 685 subclip icon 915 subclips 251­258 automatically creating 257 creating 187 described 40, 47, 265, 912, 1100 duration 255 independent clips 256 as master clips 923, 929 master clips and 253 source files for 252 subclip limits 253 turning markers into 187, 254 subframe adjustments 441­445 subframe audio levels 617 1144 Index subframe keyframes 616­619, 654 subframe syncing 658 subpixels 861 Subtract compositing mode 784 Super 16 format 1100 Super 8 format 1100 superimpose edits 94, 776, 1100 described 332 destination tracks and 313 keyboard shortcuts 331 performing 346­347 superimposition effects 870 super-white 1100 super-whites 830, 834 Support ID 1075 support websites 26 surround sound 565 sustained transfer speed 154, 157 S-VHS format 1056 S-Video connectors 1043 S-Video format 1100 S-Video recording method 1037 S-Video signals 1029, 1043 swap edits 1100 swap edits. 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